American System: um... there's both the bank and tariff system
John C Calhoun: advocated slavery, states' rights to nullify federal laws they deemed unconstitutional, advocated war with Britain in 1812.
Internal Improvements:
Dartmouth College v. Woodward: (1816) New Hampshire wanted to make Dart\mouth a state school, but their charter was private issued by the British King, and the Supreme court decided you couldn't change the charter. Protected charters against state interference.
McCulloch v. Maryland: (1816) McCulloch was a clerk at a Maryland federal bank, and the state tried to tax the bank. Resulted in denial of states' rights to tax the federal government.
Gibbons v. Ogden: (1824) State of New York attempted to grant monopoly to a steam boat company on the transport from New York to New Jersey. Decision: prohibited state-run monopolies that interfered with interstate commerce.
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad: "common carrier" railroad which was located primarily in Maryland. Symbolized the modernization resultant from the Market Revolution.
Robert Fulton: inventor of the steamship, which had massive impact in perpetuating the market revolution, inspired the channel craze.
Natchez Trace: a 440 mile long path extending from Mississippi to Nashville, linking the Mississippi and Cumberland rivers. Traditional Native American trail, later used by Europeans as trade and transit route.
Cash-Crop Business: cultivat
ing only one crop and selling it as opposed to sustaining oneself with agriculture.
McCormick Reaper: cutting, tractor, multipurpose agriculture tool pulled by a horsie. Invented by Cyrus McCormick in 1831.
Richard Arkwright: (1769) inventor of the water frame, a textile spinner which was way more efficient than people doing it.
Frederick Law Olmsted: american landscape designer and father of American landscape architecture, famous for designing well-know urban parks, including Central Park.
Paternalism: exploitation of slave labor after 1820 became both more systematic and more humane, planters paid close attention to slave discipline, clothed discipline in a larger attempt to make North American slavery into a system that was both paternalistic and humane, sprang from both planter self-interest and a genuine attempt to exert a kindly, paternal control, slaves’ material standards rose, alone among the slave populations of the Western Hemisphere, births outnumbered deaths among North American slaves
Tariff of 1816: after war of 1812, british goods were cheaper than American, so people bought them, so Fed introduced a tax on import goods. The north liked it, they produced goods now competitive with British, the south hated it, they now more expensive consumed British goods.
National Road: point of contention under internal improvements, connected chesapeake with trans-Appalachian West.
Erie Canal: New York State funded canal linking Hudson river and Lake Erie, opened passage to Niagra Falls for tourism, commerce.
Lancaster Turnpike: first used in 1795, is the first long-distance, paved road built in the United States
DeWitt Clinton: early American politician who served as United States Senator and Governor of New York. In this last capacity he was largely responsible for the construction of the Erie Canal.
Main Line Canal: a railroad and canal system built by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in the 19th century.
Peter Cartwright: a missionary who helped start the Second Great Awakening. He was a minister who preached benevolence.
Farmer's Almanac: ounded in Morristown, New Jersey, in 1818 by editor David Young and publisher Jacob Mann, weather predictions and astronomical data, as well as its trademark blend of humor, trivia, and advice on gardening, cooking, fishing, and human-interest crusades.
Boston Associates: a loosely linked group of investors including Nathan Appleton, Abbott Lawrence, and Amos Lawrence, often related directly or through marriage, they were based in Boston, Massachusetts, established banksand invested in others. Controlled 40% of banking capital in Boston, 40% of all insurance capital in Massachusetts, and 30% of Massachusetts' railroads. Tens of thousands of New Englanders received employment from these investors, working in any one of the hundreds of their mills.
Waltham System: Boston Associates in Massachusetts developed a different textile system, factories were heavily capitalized and as fully mechanized as possible, workers were young, single women from the farms of northern New England, desired to build a profitable textile industry without creating a permanent working class, women policed their own behavior and shunned fellow workers whose behavior was questionable, produced self-respecting sisterhood of independent, wage-earning women
Samuel Slater: brought British textile technology to America, built first water powered mill in america.
Metropolitan Industrialization: largest handicrafts came to be divided into skilled and unskilled segments, created a large urban working class, high rents and the lack of water power made it impossible to set up large factories in cities, some trades, like needlework and shoe making, became “sweated”, most of the work for mass consumption done by women who worked long hours for low piece rates, wage rates and gendered tasks reflected the old family division of labor, members of the middle class entertained notions of gentility based on the distinction between manual and nonmanual work
Yeomen and Planters: as the price of slaves and good land rose, fewer and fewer owners shared in the profits of the cotton economy, and wealth became more concentrated, dual economy emerged with plantations at the commercial center and a white yeomanry on the fringes, some small farmers were tied to the plantation economy and vested in its continuance, most small farmers, though, lived away from the plantations, built yeomen society that shared many of the characteristics of the eighteenth-century countryside
...Read more
Richard Arkwright: (1769) inventor of the water frame, a textile spinner which was way more efficient than people doing it.
Frederick Law Olmsted: american landscape designer and father of American landscape architecture, famous for designing well-know urban parks, including Central Park.
Paternalism: exploitation of slave labor after 1820 became both more systematic and more humane, planters paid close attention to slave discipline, clothed discipline in a larger attempt to make North American slavery into a system that was both paternalistic and humane, sprang from both planter self-interest and a genuine attempt to exert a kindly, paternal control, slaves’ material standards rose, alone among the slave populations of the Western Hemisphere, births outnumbered deaths among North American slaves
Tariff of 1816: after war of 1812, british goods were cheaper than American, so people bought them, so Fed introduced a tax on import goods. The north liked it, they produced goods now competitive with British, the south hated it, they now more expensive consumed British goods.
National Road: point of contention under internal improvements, connected chesapeake with trans-Appalachian West.
Erie Canal: New York State funded canal linking Hudson river and Lake Erie, opened passage to Niagra Falls for tourism, commerce.
Lancaster Turnpike: first used in 1795, is the first long-distance, paved road built in the United States
DeWitt Clinton: early American politician who served as United States Senator and Governor of New York. In this last capacity he was largely responsible for the construction of the Erie Canal.
Main Line Canal: a railroad and canal system built by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in the 19th century.
Peter Cartwright: a missionary who helped start the Second Great Awakening. He was a minister who preached benevolence.
Farmer's Almanac: ounded in Morristown, New Jersey, in 1818 by editor David Young and publisher Jacob Mann, weather predictions and astronomical data, as well as its trademark blend of humor, trivia, and advice on gardening, cooking, fishing, and human-interest crusades.
Boston Associates: a loosely linked group of investors including Nathan Appleton, Abbott Lawrence, and Amos Lawrence, often related directly or through marriage, they were based in Boston, Massachusetts, established banksand invested in others. Controlled 40% of banking capital in Boston, 40% of all insurance capital in Massachusetts, and 30% of Massachusetts' railroads. Tens of thousands of New Englanders received employment from these investors, working in any one of the hundreds of their mills.
Waltham System: Boston Associates in Massachusetts developed a different textile system, factories were heavily capitalized and as fully mechanized as possible, workers were young, single women from the farms of northern New England, desired to build a profitable textile industry without creating a permanent working class, women policed their own behavior and shunned fellow workers whose behavior was questionable, produced self-respecting sisterhood of independent, wage-earning women
Samuel Slater: brought British textile technology to America, built first water powered mill in america.
Metropolitan Industrialization: largest handicrafts came to be divided into skilled and unskilled segments, created a large urban working class, high rents and the lack of water power made it impossible to set up large factories in cities, some trades, like needlework and shoe making, became “sweated”, most of the work for mass consumption done by women who worked long hours for low piece rates, wage rates and gendered tasks reflected the old family division of labor, members of the middle class entertained notions of gentility based on the distinction between manual and nonmanual work
Yeomen and Planters: as the price of slaves and good land rose, fewer and fewer owners shared in the profits of the cotton economy, and wealth became more concentrated, dual economy emerged with plantations at the commercial center and a white yeomanry on the fringes, some small farmers were tied to the plantation economy and vested in its continuance, most small farmers, though, lived away from the plantations, built yeomen society that shared many of the characteristics of the eighteenth-century countryside
3 comments:
Haha, steven!
You crack me up... I'm doing chapter ten right now. And the rest of chapter nine, I hope you inferred, *magically* appears when you click read more... at the end of the post. WOO!
I figured out the "read more" part on my own, but thanks for the tip...
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