Evangelicalism: belief in the need for personal conversion (or being "born again"), some expression of the gospel through evangelism, a high regard for Biblical authority, and an emphasis on the death and resurrection of Jesus to be key characteristics.
Charles Grandison Finney: a minister of the gospel who became an important figure in the Second Great Awakening, known for his innovations in preaching and religious meetings.
Sunday school: prior to 1820, was used to teach children about Christianity, after used as a form of preparation for conversion
Millennialism: not a big deal to poor, middle-class evangelicals were postmillennialists: believed that Christ’s coming would occur at the end of one thousand years of social perfection brought about by missionary conversion of the world, premillennialists believed that the end would come when God chose but looked for signs of the approaching millennium in thunderstorms, shooting stars, eclipses, economic panics, and depressions, William Miller predicted world would end during the year following March 1843
Ralph Waldo Emmerson:an American essayist, philosopher, poet, and leader of the Transcendentalist movement, part of the Nature/Art movement
Herman Melville: an American novelist, short story writer, essayist and poet. MOBY DICK! Significant because a part of the art/trivial things obsession that comes along with having a middle class.
Walt Whitman: an American poet, essayist, journalist, and humanist. He was a part of the transition between Transcendentalism and realism.
Nathaniel Hawthorne: American novelist and short story writer.
Sentimentality: improvements in printing, distributing, and marketing led to outpouring of popular literature, much of it by and for women,cookbooks, etiquette books, manuals on housekeeping, sermons, and sentimental novels,sentimental novels upheld middle-class domesticity, women assumed role of evangelical ministers, demonstrating Christian living by precept, example, and moral suasion, conflict between female moral influence and the male world of politics and the marketplace, most successful sentimental novel of 1850s was Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Uncle Tom's Cabin: by Harriet Beecher Stowe, indicts slavery as a system of absolute power at odds with domesticity and Christian love, based solidly on revival Christianity, reverses the power relations of this world, home is ultimate locus of good, marketplace moved to periphery.
Harriet Beecher Stowe: author of Uncle Tom's Cabin. Come on, seriously?
Niagra Falls: a big waterfall. People went to visit it because they were idiots following the opening of the Erie Canal, epitomized the new scenic tourism.
Thomas Cole: founder of the Hudson River School, known for its realistic and detailed portrayal of American landscape and wilderness, which feature themes of romanticism and naturalism.
Southern Code of Honor: drew rigid distinctions between men and women and whites and blacks. Basically, YAY MEN! And you didn't have to be rich for us to like you, your lineage did though. Oh, and you had to be a man...
Seventh-Day Adventists: William Miller predicted world would end during the year following March 1843, prediction did not come true, and remaining followers formed Seventh-Day Adventist Church in the 1860s
Book of Mormon: "bible" of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, patriarchal faith based on restored theocratic government, male dominance ?, and democracy among fathers, unified thousands of families, including Smith’s own
Joseph Smith: Family financial hardship led to loss of homestead, religious visions led him to discover The Book of Mormon, founded Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in 1830, church ruled not by professional clergy but by elaborate hierarchy of adult males
Blood sports: Popular in urban working-class neighborhoods, included cock fighting, ratting, and dog fighting, grew in popularity during the 1850s and were often staged by saloonkeepers
Minstrel show: white actors in "blackface" portrayed blatantly racist story, which perpetuated racist bigotry, while still depicting afro-american culture that would otherwise go unnoticed by white Americans
Penny press: Working-class readers discovered a similarly untrustworthy world in cheap fiction, introduced readers to seduction, rape, transvestitism, child pornography, necrophilia, miscegenation, group sex, homosexuality, and women with criminal minds and insatiable sexual appetites (that is quoting from the chapter outline), many popular fictions were melodramatic contests between good and evil, evil described in terms reminiscent of original sin
Denmark Vesey: After purchasing his freedom, he planned what would have been one of the largest slave rebellions in the United States. Word of the plans was leaked, and Charleston, South Carolina authorities arrested the plot's leaders before the uprising could begin. Vesey and others were tried, convicted and executed.
Quaker City: A novel written by George Lippand that was a fictional account of the hypocrisy, lust, and cruelty of the outwardly genteel Christian elite of Philadelphia.
Nat Turner: Baptist lay preacher who believed he was an instrument of God, revolt began in Southampton County, Virginia in Feb 1831, bloody and hopeless revolt that ended in mass murder, failure, and the execution of Turner and his followers
Camp meeting: Majority of southerners were Methodists, Baptists, Presbyterians, or Disciples of Christ, camp meeting during antebellum years usually limited to only one denomination, meetings were conducted with more decorum than in the past and served as social occasions, churches that grew out of southern revivals reinforced localistic neighborhoods and the patriarchal family
William Miller: predicted world would end during the year following March 1843, prediction did not come true, and remaining followers formed Seventh-Day Adventist Church in the 1860s
1 comment:
I really enjoyed your definition for Niagara Falls.
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